diff --git a/changelogs/fragments/10958-mod-fstr-g.yml b/changelogs/fragments/10958-mod-fstr-g.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..33946a3bd7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/changelogs/fragments/10958-mod-fstr-g.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+minor_changes:
+  - gconftool2 - use f-strings for string templating (https://github.com/ansible-collections/community.general/pull/10958).
+  - gem - use f-strings for string templating (https://github.com/ansible-collections/community.general/pull/10958).
+  - git_config - use f-strings for string templating (https://github.com/ansible-collections/community.general/pull/10958).
+  - git_config_info - use f-strings for string templating (https://github.com/ansible-collections/community.general/pull/10958).
+  - github_deploy_key - use f-strings for string templating (https://github.com/ansible-collections/community.general/pull/10958).
+  - github_issue - use f-strings for string templating (https://github.com/ansible-collections/community.general/pull/10958).
+  - github_key - use f-strings for string templating (https://github.com/ansible-collections/community.general/pull/10958).
+  - github_release - use f-strings for string templating (https://github.com/ansible-collections/community.general/pull/10958).
+  - github_repo - use f-strings for string templating (https://github.com/ansible-collections/community.general/pull/10958).
+  - github_webhook - use f-strings for string templating (https://github.com/ansible-collections/community.general/pull/10958).
+  - github_webhook_info - use f-strings for string templating (https://github.com/ansible-collections/community.general/pull/10958).
+  - gitlab_branch - use f-strings for string templating (https://github.com/ansible-collections/community.general/pull/10958).
+  - gitlab_deploy_key - use f-strings for string templating (https://github.com/ansible-collections/community.general/pull/10958).
+  - gitlab_group - use f-strings for string templating (https://github.com/ansible-collections/community.general/pull/10958).
+  - gitlab_group_access_token - use f-strings for string templating (https://github.com/ansible-collections/community.general/pull/10958).
+  - gitlab_group_members - use f-strings for string templating (https://github.com/ansible-collections/community.general/pull/10958).
+  - gitlab_hook - use f-strings for string templating (https://github.com/ansible-collections/community.general/pull/10958).
+  - gitlab_issue - use f-strings for string templating (https://github.com/ansible-collections/community.general/pull/10958).
+  - gitlab_label - use f-strings for string templating (https://github.com/ansible-collections/community.general/pull/10958).
+  - gitlab_merge_request - use f-strings for string templating (https://github.com/ansible-collections/community.general/pull/10958).
+  - gitlab_milestone - use f-strings for string templating (https://github.com/ansible-collections/community.general/pull/10958).
+  - gitlab_project - use f-strings for string templating (https://github.com/ansible-collections/community.general/pull/10958).
+  - gitlab_project_access_token - use f-strings for string templating (https://github.com/ansible-collections/community.general/pull/10958).
+  - gitlab_project_badge - use f-strings for string templating (https://github.com/ansible-collections/community.general/pull/10958).
+  - gitlab_project_members - use f-strings for string templating (https://github.com/ansible-collections/community.general/pull/10958).
+  - gitlab_protected_branch - use f-strings for string templating (https://github.com/ansible-collections/community.general/pull/10958).
+  - gitlab_runner - use f-strings for string templating (https://github.com/ansible-collections/community.general/pull/10958).
+  - gitlab_user - use f-strings for string templating (https://github.com/ansible-collections/community.general/pull/10958).
+  - grove - use f-strings for string templating (https://github.com/ansible-collections/community.general/pull/10958).
+  - gunicorn - use f-strings for string templating (https://github.com/ansible-collections/community.general/pull/10958).
diff --git a/plugins/modules/gconftool2.py b/plugins/modules/gconftool2.py
index 4092a8b7e6..9b5cbca78f 100644
--- a/plugins/modules/gconftool2.py
+++ b/plugins/modules/gconftool2.py
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ class GConftool(StateModuleHelper):
     def _make_process(self, fail_on_err):
         def process(rc, out, err):
             if err and fail_on_err:
-                self.do_raise('gconftool-2 failed with error:\n%s' % err.strip())
+                self.do_raise(f'gconftool-2 failed with error:\n{err.strip()}')
             out = out.rstrip()
             self.vars.value = None if out == "" else out
             return self.vars.value
diff --git a/plugins/modules/gem.py b/plugins/modules/gem.py
index 535e420e71..30a18f9702 100644
--- a/plugins/modules/gem.py
+++ b/plugins/modules/gem.py
@@ -182,7 +182,7 @@ def get_installed_versions(module, remote=False):
         if module.params['repository']:
             cmd.extend(['--source', module.params['repository']])
     cmd.append('-n')
-    cmd.append('^%s$' % module.params['name'])
+    cmd.append(f"^{module.params['name']}$")
 
     environ = get_rubygems_environ(module)
     (rc, out, err) = module.run_command(cmd, environ_update=environ, check_rc=True)
@@ -337,10 +337,10 @@ def main():
                 rc, out, err = command_output
                 module.fail_json(
                     msg=(
-                        "Failed to uninstall gem '%s': it is still present after 'gem uninstall'. "
+                        f"Failed to uninstall gem '{module.params['name']}': it is still present after 'gem uninstall'. "
                         "This usually happens with default or system gems provided by the OS, "
                         "which cannot be removed with the gem command."
-                    ) % module.params['name'],
+                    ),
                     rc=rc,
                     stdout=out,
                     stderr=err
diff --git a/plugins/modules/git_config.py b/plugins/modules/git_config.py
index 30af5b43fd..2be77ff0b7 100644
--- a/plugins/modules/git_config.py
+++ b/plugins/modules/git_config.py
@@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ def main():
         base_args.append('-f')
         base_args.append(params['file'])
     elif scope:
-        base_args.append("--" + scope)
+        base_args.append(f"--{scope}")
 
     list_args = list(base_args)
 
@@ -210,7 +210,7 @@ def main():
         set_args.append("--unset-all")
         set_args.append(name)
     else:
-        set_args.append("--" + add_mode)
+        set_args.append(f"--{add_mode}")
         set_args.append(name)
         set_args.append(new_value)
 
@@ -248,7 +248,7 @@ def build_diff_value(value):
     if not value:
         return "\n"
     if len(value) == 1:
-        return value[0] + "\n"
+        return f"{value[0]}\n"
     return value
 
 
diff --git a/plugins/modules/git_config_info.py b/plugins/modules/git_config_info.py
index b5a15fe94f..dbfcf69cdb 100644
--- a/plugins/modules/git_config_info.py
+++ b/plugins/modules/git_config_info.py
@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ def main():
 
 def build_args(module, name, path, scope):
     git_path = module.get_bin_path("git", True)
-    args = [git_path, "config", "--includes", "--null", "--" + scope]
+    args = [git_path, "config", "--includes", "--null", f"--{scope}"]
 
     if scope == "file":
         args.append(path)
diff --git a/plugins/modules/github_deploy_key.py b/plugins/modules/github_deploy_key.py
index 799ee300c5..70e90225f3 100644
--- a/plugins/modules/github_deploy_key.py
+++ b/plugins/modules/github_deploy_key.py
@@ -203,7 +203,7 @@ class GithubDeployKey(object):
     def url(self):
         owner = self.module.params['owner']
         repo = self.module.params['repo']
-        return "{0}/repos/{1}/{2}/keys".format(self.github_url, owner, repo)
+        return f"{self.github_url}/repos/{owner}/{repo}/keys"
 
     @property
     def headers(self):
@@ -214,7 +214,7 @@ class GithubDeployKey(object):
             if self.otp is not None:
                 return {"X-GitHub-OTP": self.otp}
         elif self.token is not None:
-            return {"Authorization": "token {0}".format(self.token)}
+            return {"Authorization": f"token {self.token}"}
         else:
             return None
 
@@ -267,7 +267,7 @@ class GithubDeployKey(object):
             self.handle_error(method="POST", info=info)
 
     def remove_existing_key(self, key_id):
-        resp, info = fetch_url(self.module, "{0}/{1}".format(self.url, key_id), headers=self.headers, method="DELETE")
+        resp, info = fetch_url(self.module, f"{self.url}/{key_id}", headers=self.headers, method="DELETE")
 
         status_code = info["status"]
 
@@ -286,7 +286,7 @@ class GithubDeployKey(object):
             err = None
 
         if status_code == 401:
-            self.module.fail_json(msg="Failed to connect to {0} due to invalid credentials".format(self.github_url), http_status_code=status_code, error=err)
+            self.module.fail_json(msg=f"Failed to connect to {self.github_url} due to invalid credentials", http_status_code=status_code, error=err)
         elif status_code == 404:
             self.module.fail_json(msg="GitHub repository does not exist", http_status_code=status_code, error=err)
         else:
diff --git a/plugins/modules/github_issue.py b/plugins/modules/github_issue.py
index 2923917eec..cf23baf36f 100644
--- a/plugins/modules/github_issue.py
+++ b/plugins/modules/github_issue.py
@@ -99,13 +99,13 @@ def main():
         'Accept': 'application/vnd.github.v3+json',
     }
 
-    url = "https://api.github.com/repos/%s/%s/issues/%s" % (organization, repo, issue)
+    url = f"https://api.github.com/repos/{organization}/{repo}/issues/{issue}"
 
     response, info = fetch_url(module, url, headers=headers)
     if not (200 <= info['status'] < 400):
         if info['status'] == 404:
-            module.fail_json(msg="Failed to find issue %s" % issue)
-        module.fail_json(msg="Failed to send request to %s: %s" % (url, info['msg']))
+            module.fail_json(msg=f"Failed to find issue {issue}")
+        module.fail_json(msg=f"Failed to send request to {url}: {info['msg']}")
 
     gh_obj = json.loads(response.read())
 
diff --git a/plugins/modules/github_key.py b/plugins/modules/github_key.py
index 957d130774..3f69554a21 100644
--- a/plugins/modules/github_key.py
+++ b/plugins/modules/github_key.py
@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ class GitHubSession(object):
 
     def request(self, method, url, data=None):
         headers = {
-            'Authorization': 'token %s' % self.token,
+            'Authorization': f'token {self.token}',
             'Content-Type': 'application/json',
             'Accept': 'application/vnd.github.v3+json',
         }
@@ -174,13 +174,12 @@ class GitHubSession(object):
             self.module, url, method=method, data=data, headers=headers)
         if not (200 <= info['status'] < 400):
             self.module.fail_json(
-                msg=(" failed to send request %s to %s: %s"
-                     % (method, url, info['msg'])))
+                msg=f" failed to send request {method} to {url}: {info['msg']}")
         return GitHubResponse(response, info)
 
 
 def get_all_keys(session):
-    url = session.api_url + '/user/keys'
+    url = f"{session.api_url}/user/keys"
     result = []
     while url:
         r = session.request('GET', url)
@@ -204,7 +203,7 @@ def create_key(session, name, pubkey, check_mode):
     else:
         return session.request(
             'POST',
-            session.api_url + '/user/keys',
+            f"{session.api_url}/user/keys",
             data=json.dumps({'title': name, 'key': pubkey})).json()
 
 
@@ -213,7 +212,7 @@ def delete_keys(session, to_delete, check_mode):
         return
 
     for key in to_delete:
-        session.request('DELETE', session.api_url + '/user/keys/%s' % key["id"])
+        session.request('DELETE', f"{session.api_url}/user/keys/{key['id']}")
 
 
 def ensure_key_absent(session, name, check_mode):
@@ -233,9 +232,7 @@ def ensure_key_present(module, session, name, pubkey, force, check_mode):
     for key in all_keys:
         existing_signature = key['key'].split(' ')[1]
         if new_signature == existing_signature and key['title'] != name:
-            module.fail_json(msg=(
-                "another key with the same content is already registered "
-                "under the name |{0}|").format(key['title']))
+            module.fail_json(msg=f"another key with the same content is already registered under the name |{key['title']}|")
 
     if matching_keys and force and matching_keys[0]['key'].split(' ')[1] != new_signature:
         delete_keys(session, matching_keys, check_mode=check_mode)
diff --git a/plugins/modules/github_release.py b/plugins/modules/github_release.py
index 933b9c8bd1..db1ec4b5e7 100644
--- a/plugins/modules/github_release.py
+++ b/plugins/modules/github_release.py
@@ -130,7 +130,6 @@ except ImportError:
     HAS_GITHUB_API = False
 
 from ansible.module_utils.basic import AnsibleModule, missing_required_lib
-from ansible.module_utils.common.text.converters import to_native
 
 
 def main():
@@ -196,18 +195,16 @@ def main():
         if password or (login_token and not any(login_token.startswith(prefix) for prefix in SKIPPED_TOKEN_PREFIXES)):
             gh_obj.me()
     except github3.exceptions.AuthenticationFailed as e:
-        module.fail_json(msg='Failed to connect to GitHub: %s' % to_native(e),
-                         details="Please check username and password or token "
-                                 "for repository %s" % repo)
+        module.fail_json(msg=f'Failed to connect to GitHub: {e}',
+                         details=f"Please check username and password or token for repository {repo}")
     except github3.exceptions.GitHubError as e:
-        module.fail_json(msg='GitHub API error: %s' % to_native(e),
-                         details="Please check username and password or token "
-                                 "for repository %s" % repo)
+        module.fail_json(msg=f'GitHub API error: {e}',
+                         details=f"Please check username and password or token for repository {repo}")
 
     repository = gh_obj.repository(user, repo)
 
     if not repository:
-        module.fail_json(msg="Repository %s/%s doesn't exist" % (user, repo))
+        module.fail_json(msg=f"Repository {user}/{repo} doesn't exist")
 
     if action == 'latest_release':
         release = repository.latest_release()
@@ -219,7 +216,7 @@ def main():
     if action == 'create_release':
         release_exists = repository.release_from_tag(tag)
         if release_exists:
-            module.exit_json(changed=False, msg="Release for tag %s already exists." % tag)
+            module.exit_json(changed=False, msg=f"Release for tag {tag} already exists.")
 
         release = repository.create_release(
             tag, target, name, body, draft, prerelease)
diff --git a/plugins/modules/github_repo.py b/plugins/modules/github_repo.py
index 601bea71fd..96c1d10859 100644
--- a/plugins/modules/github_repo.py
+++ b/plugins/modules/github_repo.py
@@ -269,9 +269,9 @@ def main():
         result = run_module(module.params, module.check_mode)
         module.exit_json(**result)
     except GithubException as e:
-        module.fail_json(msg="Github error. {0}".format(repr(e)))
+        module.fail_json(msg=f"Github error. {e}")
     except Exception as e:
-        module.fail_json(msg="Unexpected error. {0}".format(repr(e)))
+        module.fail_json(msg=f"Unexpected error. {e}")
 
 
 if __name__ == '__main__':
diff --git a/plugins/modules/github_webhook.py b/plugins/modules/github_webhook.py
index 867bfc380e..eef360ff62 100644
--- a/plugins/modules/github_webhook.py
+++ b/plugins/modules/github_webhook.py
@@ -149,7 +149,6 @@ except ImportError:
     HAS_GITHUB = False
 
 from ansible.module_utils.basic import AnsibleModule, missing_required_lib
-from ansible.module_utils.common.text.converters import to_native
 
 
 def _create_hook_config(module):
@@ -175,8 +174,7 @@ def create_hook(repo, module):
             events=module.params["events"],
             active=module.params["active"])
     except github.GithubException as err:
-        module.fail_json(msg="Unable to create hook for repository %s: %s" % (
-            repo.full_name, to_native(err)))
+        module.fail_json(msg=f"Unable to create hook for repository {repo.full_name}: {err}")
 
     data = {"hook_id": hook.id}
     return True, data
@@ -194,8 +192,7 @@ def update_hook(repo, hook, module):
 
         changed = hook.update()
     except github.GithubException as err:
-        module.fail_json(msg="Unable to modify hook for repository %s: %s" % (
-            repo.full_name, to_native(err)))
+        module.fail_json(msg=f"Unable to modify hook for repository {repo.full_name}: {err}")
 
     data = {"hook_id": hook.id}
     return changed, data
@@ -231,24 +228,18 @@ def main():
             module.params.get("password") or module.params.get("token"),
             base_url=module.params["github_url"])
     except github.GithubException as err:
-        module.fail_json(msg="Could not connect to GitHub at %s: %s" % (
-            module.params["github_url"], to_native(err)))
+        module.fail_json(msg=f"Could not connect to GitHub at {module.params['github_url']}: {err}")
 
     try:
         repo = github_conn.get_repo(module.params["repository"])
     except github.BadCredentialsException as err:
-        module.fail_json(msg="Could not authenticate to GitHub at %s: %s" % (
-            module.params["github_url"], to_native(err)))
+        module.fail_json(msg=f"Could not authenticate to GitHub at {module.params['github_url']}: {err}")
     except github.UnknownObjectException as err:
         module.fail_json(
-            msg="Could not find repository %s in GitHub at %s: %s" % (
-                module.params["repository"], module.params["github_url"],
-                to_native(err)))
+            msg=f"Could not find repository {module.params['repository']} in GitHub at {module.params['github_url']}: {err}")
     except Exception as err:
         module.fail_json(
-            msg="Could not fetch repository %s from GitHub at %s: %s" %
-            (module.params["repository"], module.params["github_url"],
-             to_native(err)),
+            msg=f"Could not fetch repository {module.params['repository']} from GitHub at {module.params['github_url']}: {err}",
             exception=traceback.format_exc())
 
     hook = None
@@ -259,8 +250,7 @@ def main():
         else:
             hook = None
     except github.GithubException as err:
-        module.fail_json(msg="Unable to get hooks from repository %s: %s" % (
-            module.params["repository"], to_native(err)))
+        module.fail_json(msg=f"Unable to get hooks from repository {module.params['repository']}: {err}")
 
     changed = False
     data = {}
@@ -271,8 +261,7 @@ def main():
             hook.delete()
         except github.GithubException as err:
             module.fail_json(
-                msg="Unable to delete hook from repository %s: %s" % (
-                    repo.full_name, to_native(err)))
+                msg=f"Unable to delete hook from repository {repo.full_name}: {err}")
         else:
             changed = True
     elif hook is not None and module.params["state"] == "present":
diff --git a/plugins/modules/github_webhook_info.py b/plugins/modules/github_webhook_info.py
index 30b3e719f3..0eff211fe4 100644
--- a/plugins/modules/github_webhook_info.py
+++ b/plugins/modules/github_webhook_info.py
@@ -98,7 +98,6 @@ except ImportError:
     HAS_GITHUB = False
 
 from ansible.module_utils.basic import AnsibleModule, missing_required_lib
-from ansible.module_utils.common.text.converters import to_native
 
 
 def _munge_hook(hook_obj):
@@ -140,32 +139,25 @@ def main():
             module.params.get("password") or module.params.get("token"),
             base_url=module.params["github_url"])
     except github.GithubException as err:
-        module.fail_json(msg="Could not connect to GitHub at %s: %s" % (
-            module.params["github_url"], to_native(err)))
+        module.fail_json(msg=f"Could not connect to GitHub at {module.params['github_url']}: {err}")
 
     try:
         repo = github_conn.get_repo(module.params["repository"])
     except github.BadCredentialsException as err:
-        module.fail_json(msg="Could not authenticate to GitHub at %s: %s" % (
-            module.params["github_url"], to_native(err)))
+        module.fail_json(msg=f"Could not authenticate to GitHub at {module.params['github_url']}: {err}")
     except github.UnknownObjectException as err:
         module.fail_json(
-            msg="Could not find repository %s in GitHub at %s: %s" % (
-                module.params["repository"], module.params["github_url"],
-                to_native(err)))
+            msg=f"Could not find repository {module.params['repository']} in GitHub at {module.params['github_url']}: {err}")
     except Exception as err:
         module.fail_json(
-            msg="Could not fetch repository %s from GitHub at %s: %s" %
-            (module.params["repository"], module.params["github_url"],
-             to_native(err)),
+            msg=f"Could not fetch repository {module.params['repository']} from GitHub at {module.params['github_url']}: {err}",
             exception=traceback.format_exc())
 
     try:
         hooks = [_munge_hook(h) for h in repo.get_hooks()]
     except github.GithubException as err:
         module.fail_json(
-            msg="Unable to get hooks from repository %s: %s" %
-            (module.params["repository"], to_native(err)),
+            msg=f"Unable to get hooks from repository {module.params['repository']}: {err}",
             exception=traceback.format_exc())
 
     module.exit_json(changed=False, hooks=hooks)
diff --git a/plugins/modules/gitlab_branch.py b/plugins/modules/gitlab_branch.py
index 514300a924..eb4d73d9e4 100644
--- a/plugins/modules/gitlab_branch.py
+++ b/plugins/modules/gitlab_branch.py
@@ -151,8 +151,10 @@ def main():
 
     gitlab_version = gitlab.__version__
     if LooseVersion(gitlab_version) < LooseVersion('2.3.0'):
-        module.fail_json(msg="community.general.gitlab_proteched_branch requires python-gitlab Python module >= 2.3.0 (installed version: [%s])."
-                             " Please upgrade python-gitlab to version 2.3.0 or above." % gitlab_version)
+        module.fail_json(
+            msg=f"community.general.gitlab_branch requires python-gitlab Python module >= 2.3.0 (installed version: [{gitlab_version}])."
+                " Please upgrade python-gitlab to version 2.3.0 or above."
+        )
 
     this_gitlab = GitlabBranch(module=module, project=project, gitlab_instance=gitlab_instance)
 
@@ -161,15 +163,15 @@ def main():
     if not this_branch and state == "present":
         r_branch = this_gitlab.get_branch(ref_branch)
         if not r_branch:
-            module.fail_json(msg="Ref branch {b} not exist.".format(b=ref_branch))
+            module.fail_json(msg=f"Ref branch {ref_branch} not exist.")
         this_gitlab.create_branch(branch, ref_branch)
-        module.exit_json(changed=True, msg="Created the branch {b}.".format(b=branch))
+        module.exit_json(changed=True, msg=f"Created the branch {branch}.")
     elif this_branch and state == "present":
-        module.exit_json(changed=False, msg="Branch {b} already exist".format(b=branch))
+        module.exit_json(changed=False, msg=f"Branch {branch} already exist")
     elif this_branch and state == "absent":
         try:
             this_gitlab.delete_branch(this_branch)
-            module.exit_json(changed=True, msg="Branch {b} deleted.".format(b=branch))
+            module.exit_json(changed=True, msg=f"Branch {branch} deleted.")
         except Exception as e:
             module.fail_json(msg="Error delete branch.", exception=traceback.format_exc())
     else:
diff --git a/plugins/modules/gitlab_deploy_key.py b/plugins/modules/gitlab_deploy_key.py
index 9252341863..9c84f49c48 100644
--- a/plugins/modules/gitlab_deploy_key.py
+++ b/plugins/modules/gitlab_deploy_key.py
@@ -114,7 +114,6 @@ deploy_key:
 
 from ansible.module_utils.api import basic_auth_argument_spec
 from ansible.module_utils.basic import AnsibleModule
-from ansible.module_utils.common.text.converters import to_native
 
 from ansible_collections.community.general.plugins.module_utils.gitlab import (
     auth_argument_spec, find_project, gitlab_authentication, gitlab, list_all_kwargs
@@ -160,12 +159,12 @@ class GitLabDeployKey(object):
         self.deploy_key_object = deploy_key
         if changed:
             if self._module.check_mode:
-                self._module.exit_json(changed=True, msg="Successfully created or updated the deploy key %s" % key_title)
+                self._module.exit_json(changed=True, msg=f"Successfully created or updated the deploy key {key_title}")
 
             try:
                 deploy_key.save()
             except Exception as e:
-                self._module.fail_json(msg="Failed to update deploy key: %s " % e)
+                self._module.fail_json(msg=f"Failed to update deploy key: {e} ")
             return True
         else:
             return False
@@ -181,7 +180,7 @@ class GitLabDeployKey(object):
         try:
             deploy_key = project.keys.create(arguments)
         except (gitlab.exceptions.GitlabCreateError) as e:
-            self._module.fail_json(msg="Failed to create deploy key: %s " % to_native(e))
+            self._module.fail_json(msg=f"Failed to create deploy key: {e} ")
 
         return deploy_key
 
@@ -271,24 +270,24 @@ def main():
     project = find_project(gitlab_instance, project_identifier)
 
     if project is None:
-        module.fail_json(msg="Failed to create deploy key: project %s doesn't exists" % project_identifier)
+        module.fail_json(msg=f"Failed to create deploy key: project {project_identifier} doesn't exists")
 
     deploy_key_exists = gitlab_deploy_key.exists_deploy_key(project, key_title)
 
     if state == 'absent':
         if deploy_key_exists:
             gitlab_deploy_key.delete_deploy_key()
-            module.exit_json(changed=True, msg="Successfully deleted deploy key %s" % key_title)
+            module.exit_json(changed=True, msg=f"Successfully deleted deploy key {key_title}")
         else:
             module.exit_json(changed=False, msg="Deploy key deleted or does not exists")
 
     if state == 'present':
         if gitlab_deploy_key.create_or_update_deploy_key(project, key_title, key_keyfile, {'can_push': key_can_push}):
 
-            module.exit_json(changed=True, msg="Successfully created or updated the deploy key %s" % key_title,
+            module.exit_json(changed=True, msg=f"Successfully created or updated the deploy key {key_title}",
                              deploy_key=gitlab_deploy_key.deploy_key_object._attrs)
         else:
-            module.exit_json(changed=False, msg="No need to update the deploy key %s" % key_title,
+            module.exit_json(changed=False, msg=f"No need to update the deploy key {key_title}",
                              deploy_key=gitlab_deploy_key.deploy_key_object._attrs)
 
 
diff --git a/plugins/modules/gitlab_group.py b/plugins/modules/gitlab_group.py
index 6356ce2e2c..a575587bad 100644
--- a/plugins/modules/gitlab_group.py
+++ b/plugins/modules/gitlab_group.py
@@ -246,7 +246,6 @@ group:
 
 from ansible.module_utils.api import basic_auth_argument_spec
 from ansible.module_utils.basic import AnsibleModule
-from ansible.module_utils.common.text.converters import to_native
 
 from ansible_collections.community.general.plugins.module_utils.gitlab import (
     auth_argument_spec, find_group, gitlab_authentication, gitlab
@@ -314,7 +313,7 @@ class GitLabGroup(object):
                 try:
                     group.avatar = open(options['avatar_path'], 'rb')
                 except IOError as e:
-                    self._module.fail_json(msg='Cannot open {0}: {1}'.format(options['avatar_path'], e))
+                    self._module.fail_json(msg=f"Cannot open {options['avatar_path']}: {e}")
             changed = True
         else:
             changed, group = self.update_group(self.group_object, payload)
@@ -322,12 +321,12 @@ class GitLabGroup(object):
         self.group_object = group
         if changed:
             if self._module.check_mode:
-                self._module.exit_json(changed=True, msg="Successfully created or updated the group %s" % name)
+                self._module.exit_json(changed=True, msg=f"Successfully created or updated the group {name}")
 
             try:
                 group.save()
             except Exception as e:
-                self._module.fail_json(msg="Failed to update group: %s " % e)
+                self._module.fail_json(msg=f"Failed to update group: {e} ")
             return True
         else:
             return False
@@ -345,7 +344,7 @@ class GitLabGroup(object):
 
             group = self._gitlab.groups.create(filtered)
         except (gitlab.exceptions.GitlabCreateError) as e:
-            self._module.fail_json(msg="Failed to create group: %s " % to_native(e))
+            self._module.fail_json(msg=f"Failed to create group: {e} ")
 
         return group
 
@@ -383,7 +382,7 @@ class GitLabGroup(object):
             try:
                 group.delete()
             except Exception as e:
-                self._module.fail_json(msg="Failed to delete group: %s " % to_native(e))
+                self._module.fail_json(msg=f"Failed to delete group: {e} ")
 
     '''
     @param name Name of the group
@@ -488,14 +487,14 @@ def main():
         if not parent_group:
             module.fail_json(msg="Failed to create GitLab group: Parent group doesn't exist")
 
-        group_exists = gitlab_group.exists_group(parent_group.full_path + '/' + group_path)
+        group_exists = gitlab_group.exists_group(f"{parent_group.full_path}/{group_path}")
     else:
         group_exists = gitlab_group.exists_group(group_path)
 
     if state == 'absent':
         if group_exists:
             gitlab_group.delete_group(force=force_delete)
-            module.exit_json(changed=True, msg="Successfully deleted group %s" % group_name)
+            module.exit_json(changed=True, msg=f"Successfully deleted group {group_name}")
         else:
             module.exit_json(changed=False, msg="Group deleted or does not exist")
 
@@ -523,9 +522,9 @@ def main():
             "visibility": group_visibility,
             "wiki_access_level": wiki_access_level,
         }):
-            module.exit_json(changed=True, msg="Successfully created or updated the group %s" % group_name, group=gitlab_group.group_object._attrs)
+            module.exit_json(changed=True, msg=f"Successfully created or updated the group {group_name}", group=gitlab_group.group_object._attrs)
         else:
-            module.exit_json(changed=False, msg="No need to update the group %s" % group_name, group=gitlab_group.group_object._attrs)
+            module.exit_json(changed=False, msg=f"No need to update the group {group_name}", group=gitlab_group.group_object._attrs)
 
 
 if __name__ == '__main__':
diff --git a/plugins/modules/gitlab_group_access_token.py b/plugins/modules/gitlab_group_access_token.py
index 59afc74bea..4c8d02383c 100644
--- a/plugins/modules/gitlab_group_access_token.py
+++ b/plugins/modules/gitlab_group_access_token.py
@@ -158,7 +158,6 @@ from datetime import datetime
 
 from ansible.module_utils.api import basic_auth_argument_spec
 from ansible.module_utils.basic import AnsibleModule
-from ansible.module_utils.common.text.converters import to_native
 
 from ansible_collections.community.general.plugins.module_utils.gitlab import (
     auth_argument_spec, find_group, gitlab_authentication, gitlab
@@ -187,7 +186,7 @@ class GitLabGroupAccessToken(object):
             self.access_token_object = group.access_tokens.create(arguments)
             changed = True
         except (gitlab.exceptions.GitlabCreateError) as e:
-            self._module.fail_json(msg="Failed to create access token: %s " % to_native(e))
+            self._module.fail_json(msg=f"Failed to create access token: {e} ")
 
         return changed
 
@@ -213,7 +212,7 @@ class GitLabGroupAccessToken(object):
             self.access_token_object.delete()
             changed = True
         except (gitlab.exceptions.GitlabCreateError) as e:
-            self._module.fail_json(msg="Failed to revoke access token: %s " % to_native(e))
+            self._module.fail_json(msg=f"Failed to revoke access token: {e} ")
 
         return changed
 
@@ -297,7 +296,7 @@ def main():
 
     group = find_group(gitlab_instance, group_identifier)
     if group is None:
-        module.fail_json(msg="Failed to create access token: group %s does not exists" % group_identifier)
+        module.fail_json(msg=f"Failed to create access token: group {group_identifier} does not exists")
 
     gitlab_access_token_exists = False
     gitlab_access_token.find_access_token(group, name)
@@ -307,7 +306,7 @@ def main():
     if state == 'absent':
         if gitlab_access_token_exists:
             gitlab_access_token.revoke_access_token()
-            module.exit_json(changed=True, msg="Successfully deleted access token %s" % name)
+            module.exit_json(changed=True, msg=f"Successfully deleted access token {name}")
         else:
             module.exit_json(changed=False, msg="Access token does not exists")
 
diff --git a/plugins/modules/gitlab_group_members.py b/plugins/modules/gitlab_group_members.py
index b101cb4e43..113285ed90 100644
--- a/plugins/modules/gitlab_group_members.py
+++ b/plugins/modules/gitlab_group_members.py
@@ -300,7 +300,7 @@ def main():
 
     # group doesn't exist
     if not gitlab_group_id:
-        module.fail_json(msg="group '%s' not found." % gitlab_group)
+        module.fail_json(msg=f"group '{gitlab_group}' not found.")
 
     members = []
     if module.params['gitlab_user'] is not None:
@@ -336,14 +336,14 @@ def main():
         # user doesn't exist
         if not gitlab_user_id:
             if state == 'absent':
-                changed_users.append("user '%s' not found, and thus also not part of the group" % gitlab_user['name'])
+                changed_users.append(f"user '{gitlab_user['name']}' not found, and thus also not part of the group")
                 changed_data.append({'gitlab_user': gitlab_user['name'], 'result': 'OK',
-                                     'msg': "user '%s' not found, and thus also not part of the group" % gitlab_user['name']})
+                                     'msg': f"user '{gitlab_user['name']}' not found, and thus also not part of the group"})
             else:
                 error = True
-                changed_users.append("user '%s' not found." % gitlab_user['name'])
+                changed_users.append(f"user '{gitlab_user['name']}' not found.")
                 changed_data.append({'gitlab_user': gitlab_user['name'], 'result': 'FAILED',
-                                     'msg': "user '%s' not found." % gitlab_user['name']})
+                                     'msg': f"user '{gitlab_user['name']}' not found."})
             continue
 
         is_user_a_member = group.is_user_a_member(members, gitlab_user_id)
@@ -356,56 +356,56 @@ def main():
                     if not module.check_mode:
                         group.add_member_to_group(gitlab_user_id, gitlab_group_id, gitlab_user['access_level'])
                     changed = True
-                    changed_users.append("Successfully added user '%s' to group" % gitlab_user['name'])
+                    changed_users.append(f"Successfully added user '{gitlab_user['name']}' to group")
                     changed_data.append({'gitlab_user': gitlab_user['name'], 'result': 'CHANGED',
-                                         'msg': "Successfully added user '%s' to group" % gitlab_user['name']})
+                                         'msg': f"Successfully added user '{gitlab_user['name']}' to group"})
                 except (gitlab.exceptions.GitlabCreateError) as e:
                     error = True
-                    changed_users.append("Failed to updated the access level for the user, '%s'" % gitlab_user['name'])
+                    changed_users.append(f"Failed to updated the access level for the user, '{gitlab_user['name']}'")
                     changed_data.append({'gitlab_user': gitlab_user['name'], 'result': 'FAILED',
-                                         'msg': "Not allowed to add the access level for the member, %s: %s" % (gitlab_user['name'], e)})
+                                         'msg': f"Not allowed to add the access level for the member, {gitlab_user['name']}: {e}"})
             # state as absent
             else:
-                changed_users.append("User, '%s', is not a member in the group. No change to report" % gitlab_user['name'])
+                changed_users.append(f"User, '{gitlab_user['name']}', is not a member in the group. No change to report")
                 changed_data.append({'gitlab_user': gitlab_user['name'], 'result': 'OK',
-                                     'msg': "User, '%s', is not a member in the group. No change to report" % gitlab_user['name']})
+                                     'msg': f"User, '{gitlab_user['name']}', is not a member in the group. No change to report"})
         # in case that a user is a member
         else:
             if state == 'present':
                 # compare the access level
                 user_access_level = group.get_user_access_level(members, gitlab_user_id)
                 if user_access_level == gitlab_user['access_level']:
-                    changed_users.append("User, '%s', is already a member in the group. No change to report" % gitlab_user['name'])
+                    changed_users.append(f"User, '{gitlab_user['name']}', is already a member in the group. No change to report")
                     changed_data.append({'gitlab_user': gitlab_user['name'], 'result': 'OK',
-                                         'msg': "User, '%s', is already a member in the group. No change to report" % gitlab_user['name']})
+                                         'msg': f"User, '{gitlab_user['name']}', is already a member in the group. No change to report"})
                 else:
                     # update the access level for the user
                     try:
                         if not module.check_mode:
                             group.update_user_access_level(members, gitlab_user_id, gitlab_user['access_level'])
                         changed = True
-                        changed_users.append("Successfully updated the access level for the user, '%s'" % gitlab_user['name'])
+                        changed_users.append(f"Successfully updated the access level for the user, '{gitlab_user['name']}'")
                         changed_data.append({'gitlab_user': gitlab_user['name'], 'result': 'CHANGED',
-                                             'msg': "Successfully updated the access level for the user, '%s'" % gitlab_user['name']})
+                                             'msg': f"Successfully updated the access level for the user, '{gitlab_user['name']}'"})
                     except (gitlab.exceptions.GitlabUpdateError) as e:
                         error = True
-                        changed_users.append("Failed to updated the access level for the user, '%s'" % gitlab_user['name'])
+                        changed_users.append(f"Failed to updated the access level for the user, '{gitlab_user['name']}'")
                         changed_data.append({'gitlab_user': gitlab_user['name'], 'result': 'FAILED',
-                                             'msg': "Not allowed to update the access level for the member, %s: %s" % (gitlab_user['name'], e)})
+                                             'msg': f"Not allowed to update the access level for the member, {gitlab_user['name']}: {e}"})
             else:
                 # remove the user from the group
                 try:
                     if not module.check_mode:
                         group.remove_user_from_group(gitlab_user_id, gitlab_group_id)
                     changed = True
-                    changed_users.append("Successfully removed user, '%s', from the group" % gitlab_user['name'])
+                    changed_users.append(f"Successfully removed user, '{gitlab_user['name']}', from the group")
                     changed_data.append({'gitlab_user': gitlab_user['name'], 'result': 'CHANGED',
-                                         'msg': "Successfully removed user, '%s', from the group" % gitlab_user['name']})
+                                         'msg': f"Successfully removed user, '{gitlab_user['name']}', from the group"})
                 except (gitlab.exceptions.GitlabDeleteError) as e:
                     error = True
-                    changed_users.append("Failed to removed user, '%s', from the group" % gitlab_user['name'])
+                    changed_users.append(f"Failed to removed user, '{gitlab_user['name']}', from the group")
                     changed_data.append({'gitlab_user': gitlab_user['name'], 'result': 'FAILED',
-                                         'msg': "Failed to remove user, '%s' from the group: %s" % (gitlab_user['name'], e)})
+                                         'msg': f"Failed to remove user, '{gitlab_user['name']}' from the group: {e}"})
 
     # if state = present and purge_users set delete users which are in members having give access level but not in gitlab_users
     if state == 'present' and purge_users:
@@ -419,18 +419,18 @@ def main():
                     if not module.check_mode:
                         group.remove_user_from_group(member.id, gitlab_group_id)
                     changed = True
-                    changed_users.append("Successfully removed user '%s', from group. Was not in given list" % member.username)
+                    changed_users.append(f"Successfully removed user '{member.username}', from group. Was not in given list")
                     changed_data.append({'gitlab_user': member.username, 'result': 'CHANGED',
-                                         'msg': "Successfully removed user '%s', from group. Was not in given list" % member.username})
+                                         'msg': f"Successfully removed user '{member.username}', from group. Was not in given list"})
                 except (gitlab.exceptions.GitlabDeleteError) as e:
                     error = True
-                    changed_users.append("Failed to removed user, '%s', from the group" % gitlab_user['name'])
+                    changed_users.append(f"Failed to removed user, '{gitlab_user['name']}', from the group")
                     changed_data.append({'gitlab_user': gitlab_user['name'], 'result': 'FAILED',
-                                         'msg': "Failed to remove user, '%s' from the group: %s" % (gitlab_user['name'], e)})
+                                         'msg': f"Failed to remove user, '{gitlab_user['name']}' from the group: {e}"})
 
     if len(gitlab_users_access) == 1 and error:
         # if single user given and an error occurred return error for list errors will be per user
-        module.fail_json(msg="FAILED: '%s '" % changed_users[0], result_data=changed_data)
+        module.fail_json(msg=f"FAILED: '{changed_users[0]} '", result_data=changed_data)
     elif error:
         module.fail_json(msg='FAILED: At least one given user/permission could not be set', result_data=changed_data)
 
diff --git a/plugins/modules/gitlab_hook.py b/plugins/modules/gitlab_hook.py
index 46997c5f62..a967ae4a10 100644
--- a/plugins/modules/gitlab_hook.py
+++ b/plugins/modules/gitlab_hook.py
@@ -227,12 +227,12 @@ class GitLabHook(object):
         self.hook_object = hook
         if changed:
             if self._module.check_mode:
-                self._module.exit_json(changed=True, msg="Successfully created or updated the hook %s" % hook_url)
+                self._module.exit_json(changed=True, msg=f"Successfully created or updated the hook {hook_url}")
 
             try:
                 hook.save()
             except Exception as e:
-                self._module.fail_json(msg="Failed to update hook: %s " % e)
+                self._module.fail_json(msg=f"Failed to update hook: {e} ")
 
         return changed
 
@@ -352,14 +352,14 @@ def main():
     project = find_project(gitlab_instance, project_identifier)
 
     if project is None:
-        module.fail_json(msg="Failed to create hook: project %s doesn't exists" % project_identifier)
+        module.fail_json(msg=f"Failed to create hook: project {project_identifier} doesn't exists")
 
     hook_exists = gitlab_hook.exists_hook(project, hook_url)
 
     if state == 'absent':
         if hook_exists:
             gitlab_hook.delete_hook()
-            module.exit_json(changed=True, msg="Successfully deleted hook %s" % hook_url)
+            module.exit_json(changed=True, msg=f"Successfully deleted hook {hook_url}")
         else:
             module.exit_json(changed=False, msg="Hook deleted or does not exists")
 
@@ -379,9 +379,9 @@ def main():
             "token": hook_token,
         }):
 
-            module.exit_json(changed=True, msg="Successfully created or updated the hook %s" % hook_url, hook=gitlab_hook.hook_object._attrs)
+            module.exit_json(changed=True, msg=f"Successfully created or updated the hook {hook_url}", hook=gitlab_hook.hook_object._attrs)
         else:
-            module.exit_json(changed=False, msg="No need to update the hook %s" % hook_url, hook=gitlab_hook.hook_object._attrs)
+            module.exit_json(changed=False, msg=f"No need to update the hook {hook_url}", hook=gitlab_hook.hook_object._attrs)
 
 
 if __name__ == '__main__':
diff --git a/plugins/modules/gitlab_issue.py b/plugins/modules/gitlab_issue.py
index aab9f2a346..0bc5a4a484 100644
--- a/plugins/modules/gitlab_issue.py
+++ b/plugins/modules/gitlab_issue.py
@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ issue:
 
 from ansible.module_utils.basic import AnsibleModule
 from ansible.module_utils.api import basic_auth_argument_spec
-from ansible.module_utils.common.text.converters import to_native, to_text
+from ansible.module_utils.common.text.converters import to_text
 
 from ansible_collections.community.general.plugins.module_utils.gitlab import (
     auth_argument_spec, gitlab_authentication, gitlab, find_project, find_group
@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ class GitlabIssue(object):
         try:
             milestones = group.milestones.list(search=milestone_id)
         except gitlab.exceptions.GitlabGetError as e:
-            self._module.fail_json(msg="Failed to list the Milestones: %s" % to_native(e))
+            self._module.fail_json(msg=f"Failed to list the Milestones: {e}")
 
         if len(milestones) > 1:
             self._module.fail_json(msg="Multiple Milestones matched search criteria.")
@@ -171,7 +171,7 @@ class GitlabIssue(object):
             try:
                 return group.milestones.get(id=milestones[0].id)
             except gitlab.exceptions.GitlabGetError as e:
-                self._module.fail_json(msg="Failed to get the Milestones: %s" % to_native(e))
+                self._module.fail_json(msg=f"Failed to get the Milestones: {e}")
 
     '''
     @param title Title of the Issue
@@ -182,7 +182,7 @@ class GitlabIssue(object):
         try:
             issues = self.project.issues.list(query_parameters={"search": title, "in": "title", "state": state_filter})
         except gitlab.exceptions.GitlabGetError as e:
-            self._module.fail_json(msg="Failed to list the Issues: %s" % to_native(e))
+            self._module.fail_json(msg=f"Failed to list the Issues: {e}")
 
         if len(issues) > 1:
             self._module.fail_json(msg="Multiple Issues matched search criteria.")
@@ -190,7 +190,7 @@ class GitlabIssue(object):
             try:
                 return self.project.issues.get(id=issues[0].iid)
             except gitlab.exceptions.GitlabGetError as e:
-                self._module.fail_json(msg="Failed to get the Issue: %s" % to_native(e))
+                self._module.fail_json(msg=f"Failed to get the Issue: {e}")
 
     '''
     @param username Name of the user
@@ -200,7 +200,7 @@ class GitlabIssue(object):
         try:
             users = [user for user in self.project.users.list(username=username, all=True) if user.username == username]
         except gitlab.exceptions.GitlabGetError as e:
-            self._module.fail_json(msg="Failed to list the users: %s" % to_native(e))
+            self._module.fail_json(msg=f"Failed to list the users: {e}")
 
         if len(users) > 1:
             self._module.fail_json(msg="Multiple Users matched search criteria.")
@@ -220,24 +220,24 @@ class GitlabIssue(object):
     '''
     def create_issue(self, options):
         if self._module.check_mode:
-            self._module.exit_json(changed=True, msg="Successfully created Issue '%s'." % options["title"])
+            self._module.exit_json(changed=True, msg=f"Successfully created Issue '{options['title']}'.")
 
         try:
             return self.project.issues.create(options)
         except gitlab.exceptions.GitlabCreateError as e:
-            self._module.fail_json(msg="Failed to create Issue: %s " % to_native(e))
+            self._module.fail_json(msg=f"Failed to create Issue: {e}")
 
     '''
     @param issue Issue object to delete
     '''
     def delete_issue(self, issue):
         if self._module.check_mode:
-            self._module.exit_json(changed=True, msg="Successfully deleted Issue '%s'." % issue["title"])
+            self._module.exit_json(changed=True, msg=f"Successfully deleted Issue '{issue['title']}'.")
 
         try:
             return issue.delete()
         except gitlab.exceptions.GitlabDeleteError as e:
-            self._module.fail_json(msg="Failed to delete Issue: '%s'." % to_native(e))
+            self._module.fail_json(msg=f"Failed to delete Issue: '{e}'.")
 
     '''
     @param issue Issue object to update
@@ -245,12 +245,12 @@ class GitlabIssue(object):
     '''
     def update_issue(self, issue, options):
         if self._module.check_mode:
-            self._module.exit_json(changed=True, msg="Successfully updated Issue '%s'." % issue["title"])
+            self._module.exit_json(changed=True, msg=f"Successfully updated Issue '{issue['title']}'.")
 
         try:
             return self.project.issues.update(issue.iid, options)
         except gitlab.exceptions.GitlabUpdateError as e:
-            self._module.fail_json(msg="Failed to update Issue %s." % to_native(e))
+            self._module.fail_json(msg=f"Failed to update Issue {e}.")
 
     '''
     @param issue Issue object to evaluate
@@ -332,14 +332,14 @@ def main():
 
     this_project = find_project(gitlab_instance, project)
     if this_project is None:
-        module.fail_json(msg="Failed to get the project: %s" % project)
+        module.fail_json(msg=f"Failed to get the project: {project}")
 
     this_gitlab = GitlabIssue(module=module, project=this_project, gitlab_instance=gitlab_instance)
 
     if milestone_id and milestone_group_id:
         this_group = find_group(gitlab_instance, milestone_group_id)
         if this_group is None:
-            module.fail_json(msg="Failed to get the group: %s" % milestone_group_id)
+            module.fail_json(msg=f"Failed to get the group: {milestone_group_id}")
 
         milestone_id = this_gitlab.get_milestone(milestone_id, this_group).id
 
@@ -351,7 +351,7 @@ def main():
                 with open(description_path, 'rb') as f:
                     description = to_text(f.read(), errors='surrogate_or_strict')
             except IOError as e:
-                module.fail_json(msg='Cannot open {0}: {1}'.format(description_path, e))
+                module.fail_json(msg=f'Cannot open {description_path}: {e}')
 
         # sorting necessary in order to properly detect changes, as we don't want to get false positive
         # results due to differences in ids ordering;
@@ -370,28 +370,28 @@ def main():
         if not this_issue:
             issue = this_gitlab.create_issue(options)
             module.exit_json(
-                changed=True, msg="Created Issue '{t}'.".format(t=title),
+                changed=True, msg=f"Created Issue '{title}'.",
                 issue=issue.asdict()
             )
         else:
             if this_gitlab.issue_has_changed(this_issue, options):
                 issue = this_gitlab.update_issue(this_issue, options)
                 module.exit_json(
-                    changed=True, msg="Updated Issue '{t}'.".format(t=title),
+                    changed=True, msg=f"Updated Issue '{title}'.",
                     issue=issue
                 )
             else:
                 module.exit_json(
-                    changed=False, msg="Issue '{t}' already exists".format(t=title),
+                    changed=False, msg=f"Issue '{title}' already exists",
                     issue=this_issue.asdict()
                 )
     elif state == "absent":
         if not this_issue:
-            module.exit_json(changed=False, msg="Issue '{t}' does not exist or has already been deleted.".format(t=title))
+            module.exit_json(changed=False, msg=f"Issue '{title}' does not exist or has already been deleted.")
         else:
             issue = this_gitlab.delete_issue(this_issue)
             module.exit_json(
-                changed=True, msg="Issue '{t}' deleted.".format(t=title),
+                changed=True, msg=f"Issue '{title}' deleted.",
                 issue=issue
             )
 
diff --git a/plugins/modules/gitlab_label.py b/plugins/modules/gitlab_label.py
index 5b6d80e20c..71dce5885d 100644
--- a/plugins/modules/gitlab_label.py
+++ b/plugins/modules/gitlab_label.py
@@ -460,9 +460,9 @@ def main():
     # if both not found, module must exist
     if not gitlab_project_id and not gitlab_group_id:
         if gitlab_project and not gitlab_project_id:
-            module.fail_json(msg="project '%s' not found." % gitlab_project)
+            module.fail_json(msg=f"project '{gitlab_project}' not found.")
         if gitlab_group and not gitlab_group_id:
-            module.fail_json(msg="group '%s' not found." % gitlab_group)
+            module.fail_json(msg=f"group '{gitlab_group}' not found.")
 
     this_gitlab = GitlabLabels(module=module, gitlab_instance=gitlab_instance, group_id=gitlab_group_id,
                                project_id=gitlab_project_id)
diff --git a/plugins/modules/gitlab_merge_request.py b/plugins/modules/gitlab_merge_request.py
index 83000a8ac1..cda72ebe24 100644
--- a/plugins/modules/gitlab_merge_request.py
+++ b/plugins/modules/gitlab_merge_request.py
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ mr:
 
 from ansible.module_utils.basic import AnsibleModule
 from ansible.module_utils.api import basic_auth_argument_spec
-from ansible.module_utils.common.text.converters import to_native, to_text
+from ansible.module_utils.common.text.converters import to_text
 
 from ansible_collections.community.general.plugins.module_utils.version import LooseVersion
 from ansible_collections.community.general.plugins.module_utils.gitlab import (
@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ class GitlabMergeRequest(object):
         try:
             return self.project.branches.get(branch)
         except gitlab.exceptions.GitlabGetError as e:
-            self._module.fail_json(msg="Failed to get the branch: %s" % to_native(e))
+            self._module.fail_json(msg=f"Failed to get the branch: {e}")
 
     '''
     @param title Title of the Merge Request
@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@ class GitlabMergeRequest(object):
         try:
             mrs = self.project.mergerequests.list(search=title, source_branch=source_branch, target_branch=target_branch, state=state_filter)
         except gitlab.exceptions.GitlabGetError as e:
-            self._module.fail_json(msg="Failed to list the Merge Request: %s" % to_native(e))
+            self._module.fail_json(msg=f"Failed to list the Merge Request: {e}")
 
         if len(mrs) > 1:
             self._module.fail_json(msg="Multiple Merge Requests matched search criteria.")
@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ class GitlabMergeRequest(object):
             try:
                 return self.project.mergerequests.get(id=mrs[0].iid)
             except gitlab.exceptions.GitlabGetError as e:
-                self._module.fail_json(msg="Failed to get the Merge Request: %s" % to_native(e))
+                self._module.fail_json(msg=f"Failed to get the Merge Request: {e}")
 
     '''
     @param username Name of the user
@@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ class GitlabMergeRequest(object):
         try:
             users = [user for user in self.project.users.list(username=username, all=True) if user.username == username]
         except gitlab.exceptions.GitlabGetError as e:
-            self._module.fail_json(msg="Failed to list the users: %s" % to_native(e))
+            self._module.fail_json(msg=f"Failed to list the users: {e}")
 
         if len(users) > 1:
             self._module.fail_json(msg="Multiple Users matched search criteria.")
@@ -217,36 +217,36 @@ class GitlabMergeRequest(object):
     '''
     def create_mr(self, options):
         if self._module.check_mode:
-            self._module.exit_json(changed=True, msg="Successfully created the Merge Request %s" % options["title"])
+            self._module.exit_json(changed=True, msg=f"Successfully created the Merge Request {options['title']}")
 
         try:
             return self.project.mergerequests.create(options)
         except gitlab.exceptions.GitlabCreateError as e:
-            self._module.fail_json(msg="Failed to create Merge Request: %s " % to_native(e))
+            self._module.fail_json(msg=f"Failed to create Merge Request: {e}")
 
     '''
     @param mr Merge Request object to delete
     '''
     def delete_mr(self, mr):
         if self._module.check_mode:
-            self._module.exit_json(changed=True, msg="Successfully deleted the Merge Request %s" % mr["title"])
+            self._module.exit_json(changed=True, msg=f"Successfully deleted the Merge Request {mr['title']}")
 
         try:
             return mr.delete()
         except gitlab.exceptions.GitlabDeleteError as e:
-            self._module.fail_json(msg="Failed to delete Merge Request: %s " % to_native(e))
+            self._module.fail_json(msg=f"Failed to delete Merge Request: {e}")
 
     '''
     @param mr Merge Request object to update
     '''
     def update_mr(self, mr, options):
         if self._module.check_mode:
-            self._module.exit_json(changed=True, msg="Successfully updated the Merge Request %s" % mr["title"])
+            self._module.exit_json(changed=True, msg=f"Successfully updated the Merge Request {mr['title']}")
 
         try:
             return self.project.mergerequests.update(mr.iid, options)
         except gitlab.exceptions.GitlabUpdateError as e:
-            self._module.fail_json(msg="Failed to update Merge Request: %s " % to_native(e))
+            self._module.fail_json(msg=f"Failed to update Merge Request: {e}")
 
     '''
     @param mr Merge Request object to evaluate
@@ -336,22 +336,24 @@ def main():
 
     gitlab_version = gitlab.__version__
     if LooseVersion(gitlab_version) < LooseVersion('2.3.0'):
-        module.fail_json(msg="community.general.gitlab_merge_request requires python-gitlab Python module >= 2.3.0 (installed version: [%s])."
-                             " Please upgrade python-gitlab to version 2.3.0 or above." % gitlab_version)
+        module.fail_json(
+            msg=f"community.general.gitlab_merge_request requires python-gitlab Python module >= 2.3.0 (installed version: [{gitlab_version}])."
+                " Please upgrade python-gitlab to version 2.3.0 or above."
+        )
 
     this_project = find_project(gitlab_instance, project)
     if this_project is None:
-        module.fail_json(msg="Failed to get the project: %s" % project)
+        module.fail_json(msg=f"Failed to get the project: {project}")
 
     this_gitlab = GitlabMergeRequest(module=module, project=this_project, gitlab_instance=gitlab_instance)
 
     r_source_branch = this_gitlab.get_branch(source_branch)
     if not r_source_branch:
-        module.fail_json(msg="Source branch {b} not exist.".format(b=r_source_branch))
+        module.fail_json(msg=f"Source branch {r_source_branch} not exist.")
 
     r_target_branch = this_gitlab.get_branch(target_branch)
     if not r_target_branch:
-        module.fail_json(msg="Destination branch {b} not exist.".format(b=r_target_branch))
+        module.fail_json(msg=f"Destination branch {r_target_branch} not exist.")
 
     this_mr = this_gitlab.get_mr(title, source_branch, target_branch, state_filter)
 
@@ -361,7 +363,7 @@ def main():
                 with open(description_path, 'rb') as f:
                     description = to_text(f.read(), errors='surrogate_or_strict')
             except IOError as e:
-                module.fail_json(msg='Cannot open {0}: {1}'.format(description_path, e))
+                module.fail_json(msg=f'Cannot open {description_path}: {e}')
 
         # sorting necessary in order to properly detect changes, as we don't want to get false positive
         # results due to differences in ids ordering; see `mr_has_changed()`
@@ -384,25 +386,25 @@ def main():
 
             mr = this_gitlab.create_mr(options)
             module.exit_json(
-                changed=True, msg="Created the Merge Request {t} from branch {s} to branch {d}.".format(t=title, d=target_branch, s=source_branch),
+                changed=True, msg=f"Created the Merge Request {title} from branch {source_branch} to branch {target_branch}.",
                 mr=mr.asdict()
             )
         else:
             if this_gitlab.mr_has_changed(this_mr, options):
                 mr = this_gitlab.update_mr(this_mr, options)
                 module.exit_json(
-                    changed=True, msg="Merge Request {t} from branch {s} to branch {d} updated.".format(t=title, d=target_branch, s=source_branch),
+                    changed=True, msg=f"Merge Request {title} from branch {source_branch} to branch {target_branch} updated.",
                     mr=mr
                 )
             else:
                 module.exit_json(
-                    changed=False, msg="Merge Request {t} from branch {s} to branch {d} already exist".format(t=title, d=target_branch, s=source_branch),
+                    changed=False, msg=f"Merge Request {title} from branch {source_branch} to branch {target_branch} already exist",
                     mr=this_mr.asdict()
                 )
     elif this_mr and state == "absent":
         mr = this_gitlab.delete_mr(this_mr)
         module.exit_json(
-            changed=True, msg="Merge Request {t} from branch {s} to branch {d} deleted.".format(t=title, d=target_branch, s=source_branch),
+            changed=True, msg=f"Merge Request {title} from branch {source_branch} to branch {target_branch} deleted.",
             mr=mr
         )
     else:
diff --git a/plugins/modules/gitlab_milestone.py b/plugins/modules/gitlab_milestone.py
index bb4992117c..412891970d 100644
--- a/plugins/modules/gitlab_milestone.py
+++ b/plugins/modules/gitlab_milestone.py
@@ -272,13 +272,13 @@ class GitlabMilestones(object):
         if _found:
             return _found[0].id
         else:
-            self._module.fail_json(msg="milestone '%s' not found." % _title)
+            self._module.fail_json(msg=f"milestone '{_title}' not found.")
 
     def check_date(self, _date):
         try:
             datetime.strptime(_date, '%Y-%m-%d')
         except ValueError:
-            self._module.fail_json(msg="milestone's date '%s' not in correct format." % _date)
+            self._module.fail_json(msg=f"milestone's date '{_date}' not in correct format.")
         return _date
 
     def delete_milestone(self, var_obj):
@@ -460,9 +460,9 @@ def main():
     # if both not found, module must exist
     if not gitlab_project_id and not gitlab_group_id:
         if gitlab_project and not gitlab_project_id:
-            module.fail_json(msg="project '%s' not found." % gitlab_project)
+            module.fail_json(msg=f"project '{gitlab_project}' not found.")
         if gitlab_group and not gitlab_group_id:
-            module.fail_json(msg="group '%s' not found." % gitlab_group)
+            module.fail_json(msg=f"group '{gitlab_group}' not found.")
 
     this_gitlab = GitlabMilestones(module=module, gitlab_instance=gitlab_instance, group_id=gitlab_group_id,
                                    project_id=gitlab_project_id)
diff --git a/plugins/modules/gitlab_project.py b/plugins/modules/gitlab_project.py
index b745fe9424..5024079b93 100644
--- a/plugins/modules/gitlab_project.py
+++ b/plugins/modules/gitlab_project.py
@@ -409,7 +409,6 @@ project:
 
 from ansible.module_utils.api import basic_auth_argument_spec
 from ansible.module_utils.basic import AnsibleModule
-from ansible.module_utils.common.text.converters import to_native
 
 from ansible_collections.community.general.plugins.module_utils.gitlab import (
     auth_argument_spec, find_group, find_project, gitlab_authentication, gitlab
@@ -495,7 +494,7 @@ class GitLabProject(object):
                 try:
                     project.avatar = open(options['avatar_path'], 'rb')
                 except IOError as e:
-                    self._module.fail_json(msg='Cannot open {0}: {1}'.format(options['avatar_path'], e))
+                    self._module.fail_json(msg=f"Cannot open {options['avatar_path']}: {e}")
 
             changed = True
         else:
@@ -506,12 +505,12 @@ class GitLabProject(object):
         self.project_object = project
         if changed:
             if self._module.check_mode:
-                self._module.exit_json(changed=True, msg="Successfully created or updated the project %s" % project_name)
+                self._module.exit_json(changed=True, msg=f"Successfully created or updated the project {project_name}")
 
             try:
                 project.save()
             except Exception as e:
-                self._module.fail_json(msg="Failed to update project: %s " % e)
+                self._module.fail_json(msg=f"Failed to update project: {e} ")
             return True
         return False
 
@@ -529,7 +528,7 @@ class GitLabProject(object):
         try:
             project = self._gitlab.projects.create(arguments)
         except (gitlab.exceptions.GitlabCreateError) as e:
-            self._module.fail_json(msg="Failed to create project: %s " % to_native(e))
+            self._module.fail_json(msg=f"Failed to create project: {e} ")
 
         return project
 
@@ -582,7 +581,7 @@ class GitLabProject(object):
     '''
     def exists_project(self, namespace, path):
         # When project exists, object will be stored in self.project_object.
-        project = find_project(self._gitlab, namespace.full_path + '/' + path)
+        project = find_project(self._gitlab, f"{namespace.full_path}/{path}")
         if project:
             self.project_object = project
             return True
@@ -721,7 +720,7 @@ def main():
     if group_identifier:
         group = find_group(gitlab_instance, group_identifier)
         if group is None:
-            module.fail_json(msg="Failed to create project: group %s doesn't exist" % group_identifier)
+            module.fail_json(msg=f"Failed to create project: group {group_identifier} doesn't exist")
 
         namespace_id = group.id
     else:
@@ -737,7 +736,7 @@ def main():
     try:
         namespace = gitlab_instance.namespaces.get(namespace_id)
     except gitlab.exceptions.GitlabGetError as e:
-        module.fail_json(msg="Failed to find the namespace for the given user: %s" % to_native(e))
+        module.fail_json(msg=f"Failed to find the namespace for the given user: {e}")
 
     if not namespace:
         module.fail_json(msg="Failed to find the namespace for the project")
@@ -746,7 +745,7 @@ def main():
     if state == 'absent':
         if project_exists:
             gitlab_project.delete_project()
-            module.exit_json(changed=True, msg="Successfully deleted project %s" % project_name)
+            module.exit_json(changed=True, msg=f"Successfully deleted project {project_name}")
         module.exit_json(changed=False, msg="Project deleted or does not exist")
 
     if state == 'present':
@@ -792,8 +791,8 @@ def main():
             "wiki_enabled": wiki_enabled,
         }):
 
-            module.exit_json(changed=True, msg="Successfully created or updated the project %s" % project_name, project=gitlab_project.project_object._attrs)
-        module.exit_json(changed=False, msg="No need to update the project %s" % project_name, project=gitlab_project.project_object._attrs)
+            module.exit_json(changed=True, msg=f"Successfully created or updated the project {project_name}", project=gitlab_project.project_object._attrs)
+        module.exit_json(changed=False, msg=f"No need to update the project {project_name}", project=gitlab_project.project_object._attrs)
 
 
 if __name__ == '__main__':
diff --git a/plugins/modules/gitlab_project_access_token.py b/plugins/modules/gitlab_project_access_token.py
index 27e3b07129..deeb18c6a5 100644
--- a/plugins/modules/gitlab_project_access_token.py
+++ b/plugins/modules/gitlab_project_access_token.py
@@ -156,7 +156,6 @@ from datetime import datetime
 
 from ansible.module_utils.api import basic_auth_argument_spec
 from ansible.module_utils.basic import AnsibleModule
-from ansible.module_utils.common.text.converters import to_native
 
 from ansible_collections.community.general.plugins.module_utils.gitlab import (
     auth_argument_spec, find_project, gitlab_authentication, gitlab
@@ -184,7 +183,7 @@ class GitLabProjectAccessToken(object):
             self.access_token_object = project.access_tokens.create(arguments)
             changed = True
         except (gitlab.exceptions.GitlabCreateError) as e:
-            self._module.fail_json(msg="Failed to create access token: %s " % to_native(e))
+            self._module.fail_json(msg=f"Failed to create access token: {e}")
 
         return changed
 
@@ -209,7 +208,7 @@ class GitLabProjectAccessToken(object):
             self.access_token_object.delete()
             changed = True
         except (gitlab.exceptions.GitlabCreateError) as e:
-            self._module.fail_json(msg="Failed to revoke access token: %s " % to_native(e))
+            self._module.fail_json(msg=f"Failed to revoke access token: {e}")
 
         return changed
 
@@ -291,7 +290,7 @@ def main():
 
     project = find_project(gitlab_instance, project_identifier)
     if project is None:
-        module.fail_json(msg="Failed to create access token: project %s does not exists" % project_identifier)
+        module.fail_json(msg=f"Failed to create access token: project {project_identifier} does not exists")
 
     gitlab_access_token_exists = False
     gitlab_access_token.find_access_token(project, name)
@@ -301,7 +300,7 @@ def main():
     if state == 'absent':
         if gitlab_access_token_exists:
             gitlab_access_token.revoke_access_token()
-            module.exit_json(changed=True, msg="Successfully deleted access token %s" % name)
+            module.exit_json(changed=True, msg=f"Successfully deleted access token {name}")
         else:
             module.exit_json(changed=False, msg="Access token does not exists")
 
diff --git a/plugins/modules/gitlab_project_badge.py b/plugins/modules/gitlab_project_badge.py
index 8d81765f99..e3e301dcc5 100644
--- a/plugins/modules/gitlab_project_badge.py
+++ b/plugins/modules/gitlab_project_badge.py
@@ -165,7 +165,7 @@ def core(module):
     project = find_project(gl, gitlab_project)
     # project doesn't exist
     if not project:
-        module.fail_json(msg="project '%s' not found." % gitlab_project)
+        module.fail_json(msg=f"project '{gitlab_project}' not found.")
 
     wished_badge = {
         "link_url": module.params["link_url"],
diff --git a/plugins/modules/gitlab_project_members.py b/plugins/modules/gitlab_project_members.py
index c496d4aae5..f037d1a2b6 100644
--- a/plugins/modules/gitlab_project_members.py
+++ b/plugins/modules/gitlab_project_members.py
@@ -304,7 +304,7 @@ def main():
 
     # project doesn't exist
     if not gitlab_project_id:
-        module.fail_json(msg="project '%s' not found." % gitlab_project)
+        module.fail_json(msg=f"project '{gitlab_project}' not found.")
 
     members = []
     if module.params['gitlab_user'] is not None:
@@ -342,14 +342,14 @@ def main():
         # user doesn't exist
         if not gitlab_user_id:
             if state == 'absent':
-                changed_users.append("user '%s' not found, and thus also not part of the project" % gitlab_user['name'])
+                changed_users.append(f"user '{gitlab_user['name']}' not found, and thus also not part of the project")
                 changed_data.append({'gitlab_user': gitlab_user['name'], 'result': 'OK',
-                                     'msg': "user '%s' not found, and thus also not part of the project" % gitlab_user['name']})
+                                     'msg': f"user '{gitlab_user['name']}' not found, and thus also not part of the project"})
             else:
                 error = True
-                changed_users.append("user '%s' not found." % gitlab_user['name'])
+                changed_users.append(f"user '{gitlab_user['name']}' not found.")
                 changed_data.append({'gitlab_user': gitlab_user['name'], 'result': 'FAILED',
-                                     'msg': "user '%s' not found." % gitlab_user['name']})
+                                     'msg': f"user '{gitlab_user['name']}' not found."})
             continue
 
         is_user_a_member = project.is_user_a_member(members, gitlab_user_id)
@@ -362,56 +362,56 @@ def main():
                     if not module.check_mode:
                         project.add_member_to_project(gitlab_user_id, gitlab_project_id, gitlab_user['access_level'])
                     changed = True
-                    changed_users.append("Successfully added user '%s' to project" % gitlab_user['name'])
+                    changed_users.append(f"Successfully added user '{gitlab_user['name']}' to project")
                     changed_data.append({'gitlab_user': gitlab_user['name'], 'result': 'CHANGED',
-                                         'msg': "Successfully added user '%s' to project" % gitlab_user['name']})
+                                         'msg': f"Successfully added user '{gitlab_user['name']}' to project"})
                 except (gitlab.exceptions.GitlabCreateError) as e:
                     error = True
-                    changed_users.append("Failed to updated the access level for the user, '%s'" % gitlab_user['name'])
+                    changed_users.append(f"Failed to updated the access level for the user, '{gitlab_user['name']}'")
                     changed_data.append({'gitlab_user': gitlab_user['name'], 'result': 'FAILED',
-                                         'msg': "Not allowed to add the access level for the member, %s: %s" % (gitlab_user['name'], e)})
+                                         'msg': f"Not allowed to add the access level for the member, {gitlab_user['name']}: {e}"})
             # state as absent
             else:
-                changed_users.append("User, '%s', is not a member in the project. No change to report" % gitlab_user['name'])
+                changed_users.append(f"User, '{gitlab_user['name']}', is not a member in the project. No change to report")
                 changed_data.append({'gitlab_user': gitlab_user['name'], 'result': 'OK',
-                                     'msg': "User, '%s', is not a member in the project. No change to report" % gitlab_user['name']})
+                                     'msg': f"User, '{gitlab_user['name']}', is not a member in the project. No change to report"})
         # in case that a user is a member
         else:
             if state == 'present':
                 # compare the access level
                 user_access_level = project.get_user_access_level(members, gitlab_user_id)
                 if user_access_level == gitlab_user['access_level']:
-                    changed_users.append("User, '%s', is already a member in the project. No change to report" % gitlab_user['name'])
+                    changed_users.append(f"User, '{gitlab_user['name']}', is already a member in the project. No change to report")
                     changed_data.append({'gitlab_user': gitlab_user['name'], 'result': 'OK',
-                                         'msg': "User, '%s', is already a member in the project. No change to report" % gitlab_user['name']})
+                                         'msg': f"User, '{gitlab_user['name']}', is already a member in the project. No change to report"})
                 else:
                     # update the access level for the user
                     try:
                         if not module.check_mode:
                             project.update_user_access_level(members, gitlab_user_id, gitlab_user['access_level'])
                         changed = True
-                        changed_users.append("Successfully updated the access level for the user, '%s'" % gitlab_user['name'])
+                        changed_users.append(f"Successfully updated the access level for the user, '{gitlab_user['name']}'")
                         changed_data.append({'gitlab_user': gitlab_user['name'], 'result': 'CHANGED',
-                                             'msg': "Successfully updated the access level for the user, '%s'" % gitlab_user['name']})
+                                             'msg': f"Successfully updated the access level for the user, '{gitlab_user['name']}'"})
                     except (gitlab.exceptions.GitlabUpdateError) as e:
                         error = True
-                        changed_users.append("Failed to updated the access level for the user, '%s'" % gitlab_user['name'])
+                        changed_users.append(f"Failed to updated the access level for the user, '{gitlab_user['name']}'")
                         changed_data.append({'gitlab_user': gitlab_user['name'], 'result': 'FAILED',
-                                             'msg': "Not allowed to update the access level for the member, %s: %s" % (gitlab_user['name'], e)})
+                                             'msg': f"Not allowed to update the access level for the member, {gitlab_user['name']}: {e}"})
             else:
                 # remove the user from the project
                 try:
                     if not module.check_mode:
                         project.remove_user_from_project(gitlab_user_id, gitlab_project_id)
                     changed = True
-                    changed_users.append("Successfully removed user, '%s', from the project" % gitlab_user['name'])
+                    changed_users.append(f"Successfully removed user, '{gitlab_user['name']}', from the project")
                     changed_data.append({'gitlab_user': gitlab_user['name'], 'result': 'CHANGED',
-                                         'msg': "Successfully removed user, '%s', from the project" % gitlab_user['name']})
+                                         'msg': f"Successfully removed user, '{gitlab_user['name']}', from the project"})
                 except (gitlab.exceptions.GitlabDeleteError) as e:
                     error = True
-                    changed_users.append("Failed to removed user, '%s', from the project" % gitlab_user['name'])
+                    changed_users.append(f"Failed to removed user, '{gitlab_user['name']}', from the project")
                     changed_data.append({'gitlab_user': gitlab_user['name'], 'result': 'FAILED',
-                                         'msg': "Failed to remove user, '%s' from the project: %s" % (gitlab_user['name'], e)})
+                                         'msg': f"Failed to remove user, '{gitlab_user['name']}' from the project: {e}"})
 
     # if state = present and purge_users set delete users which are in members having give access level but not in gitlab_users
     if state == 'present' and purge_users:
@@ -425,18 +425,18 @@ def main():
                     if not module.check_mode:
                         project.remove_user_from_project(member.id, gitlab_project_id)
                     changed = True
-                    changed_users.append("Successfully removed user '%s', from project. Was not in given list" % member.username)
+                    changed_users.append(f"Successfully removed user '{member.username}', from project. Was not in given list")
                     changed_data.append({'gitlab_user': member.username, 'result': 'CHANGED',
-                                         'msg': "Successfully removed user '%s', from project. Was not in given list" % member.username})
+                                         'msg': f"Successfully removed user '{member.username}', from project. Was not in given list"})
                 except (gitlab.exceptions.GitlabDeleteError) as e:
                     error = True
-                    changed_users.append("Failed to removed user, '%s', from the project" % gitlab_user['name'])
+                    changed_users.append(f"Failed to removed user, '{gitlab_user['name']}', from the project")
                     changed_data.append({'gitlab_user': gitlab_user['name'], 'result': 'FAILED',
-                                         'msg': "Failed to remove user, '%s' from the project: %s" % (gitlab_user['name'], e)})
+                                         'msg': f"Failed to remove user, '{gitlab_user['name']}' from the project: {e}"})
 
     if len(gitlab_users_access) == 1 and error:
         # if single user given and an error occurred return error for list errors will be per user
-        module.fail_json(msg="FAILED: '%s '" % changed_users[0], result_data=changed_data)
+        module.fail_json(msg=f"FAILED: '{changed_users[0]} '", result_data=changed_data)
     elif error:
         module.fail_json(
             msg='FAILED: At least one given user/permission could not be set', result_data=changed_data)
diff --git a/plugins/modules/gitlab_protected_branch.py b/plugins/modules/gitlab_protected_branch.py
index c779736cc6..ea2f3fd6d9 100644
--- a/plugins/modules/gitlab_protected_branch.py
+++ b/plugins/modules/gitlab_protected_branch.py
@@ -200,8 +200,10 @@ def main():
 
     gitlab_version = gitlab.__version__
     if LooseVersion(gitlab_version) < LooseVersion('2.3.0'):
-        module.fail_json(msg="community.general.gitlab_protected_branch requires python-gitlab Python module >= 2.3.0 (installed version: [%s])."
-                             " Please upgrade python-gitlab to version 2.3.0 or above." % gitlab_version)
+        module.fail_json(
+            msg=f"community.general.gitlab_protected_branch requires python-gitlab Python module >= 2.3.0 (installed version: [{gitlab_version}])."
+                " Please upgrade python-gitlab to version 2.3.0 or above."
+        )
 
     this_gitlab = GitlabProtectedBranch(module=module, project=project, gitlab_instance=gitlab_instance)
 
diff --git a/plugins/modules/gitlab_runner.py b/plugins/modules/gitlab_runner.py
index 889e2471cc..d4574befbb 100644
--- a/plugins/modules/gitlab_runner.py
+++ b/plugins/modules/gitlab_runner.py
@@ -259,7 +259,6 @@ runner:
 
 from ansible.module_utils.api import basic_auth_argument_spec
 from ansible.module_utils.basic import AnsibleModule
-from ansible.module_utils.common.text.converters import to_native
 
 from ansible_collections.community.general.plugins.module_utils.gitlab import (
     auth_argument_spec, gitlab_authentication, gitlab, list_all_kwargs
@@ -328,12 +327,12 @@ class GitLabRunner(object):
             changed, runner = self.update_runner(self.runner_object, arguments)
             if changed:
                 if self._module.check_mode:
-                    self._module.exit_json(changed=True, msg="Successfully updated the runner %s" % description)
+                    self._module.exit_json(changed=True, msg=f"Successfully updated the runner {description}")
 
                 try:
                     runner.save()
                 except Exception as e:
-                    self._module.fail_json(msg="Failed to update runner: %s " % to_native(e))
+                    self._module.fail_json(msg=f"Failed to update runner: {e} ")
 
         self.runner_object = runner
         return changed
@@ -356,7 +355,7 @@ class GitLabRunner(object):
             else:
                 runner = self._gitlab.user.runners.create(arguments)
         except (gitlab.exceptions.GitlabCreateError) as e:
-            self._module.fail_json(msg="Failed to create runner: %s " % to_native(e))
+            self._module.fail_json(msg=f"Failed to create runner: {e}")
 
         return runner
 
@@ -486,12 +485,12 @@ def main():
         try:
             gitlab_project = gitlab_instance.projects.get(project)
         except gitlab.exceptions.GitlabGetError as e:
-            module.fail_json(msg='No such a project %s' % project, exception=to_native(e))
+            module.fail_json(msg=f'No such a project {project}', exception=e)
     elif group:
         try:
             gitlab_group = gitlab_instance.groups.get(group)
         except gitlab.exceptions.GitlabGetError as e:
-            module.fail_json(msg='No such a group %s' % group, exception=to_native(e))
+            module.fail_json(msg=f'No such a group {group}', exception=e)
 
     gitlab_runner = GitLabRunner(module, gitlab_instance, gitlab_group, gitlab_project)
     runner_exists = gitlab_runner.exists_runner(runner_description)
@@ -499,7 +498,7 @@ def main():
     if state == 'absent':
         if runner_exists:
             gitlab_runner.delete_runner()
-            module.exit_json(changed=True, msg="Successfully deleted runner %s" % runner_description)
+            module.exit_json(changed=True, msg=f"Successfully deleted runner {runner_description}")
         else:
             module.exit_json(changed=False, msg="Runner deleted or does not exists")
 
@@ -520,10 +519,10 @@ def main():
             runner_values["paused"] = runner_paused
         if gitlab_runner.create_or_update_runner(runner_description, runner_values):
             module.exit_json(changed=True, runner=gitlab_runner.runner_object._attrs,
-                             msg="Successfully created or updated the runner %s" % runner_description)
+                             msg=f"Successfully created or updated the runner {runner_description}")
         else:
             module.exit_json(changed=False, runner=gitlab_runner.runner_object._attrs,
-                             msg="No need to update the runner %s" % runner_description)
+                             msg=f"No need to update the runner {runner_description}")
 
 
 if __name__ == '__main__':
diff --git a/plugins/modules/gitlab_user.py b/plugins/modules/gitlab_user.py
index 58bfc126ac..845c28bafc 100644
--- a/plugins/modules/gitlab_user.py
+++ b/plugins/modules/gitlab_user.py
@@ -219,7 +219,6 @@ user:
 
 from ansible.module_utils.api import basic_auth_argument_spec
 from ansible.module_utils.basic import AnsibleModule
-from ansible.module_utils.common.text.converters import to_native
 
 from ansible_collections.community.general.plugins.module_utils.gitlab import (
     auth_argument_spec, find_group, gitlab_authentication, gitlab, list_all_kwargs
@@ -315,11 +314,11 @@ class GitLabUser(object):
             try:
                 user.save()
             except Exception as e:
-                self._module.fail_json(msg="Failed to update user: %s " % to_native(e))
+                self._module.fail_json(msg=f"Failed to update user: {e} ")
 
         if changed:
             if self._module.check_mode:
-                self._module.exit_json(changed=True, msg="Successfully created or updated the user %s" % username)
+                self._module.exit_json(changed=True, msg=f"Successfully created or updated the user {username}")
             return True
         else:
             return False
@@ -360,7 +359,7 @@ class GitLabUser(object):
                     parameter['expires_at'] = sshkey['expires_at']
                 user.keys.create(parameter)
             except gitlab.exceptions.GitlabCreateError as e:
-                self._module.fail_json(msg="Failed to assign sshkey to user: %s" % to_native(e))
+                self._module.fail_json(msg=f"Failed to assign sshkey to user: {e}")
             return True
         return False
 
@@ -420,7 +419,7 @@ class GitLabUser(object):
                     'user_id': self.get_user_id(user),
                     'access_level': self.ACCESS_LEVEL[access_level]})
             except gitlab.exceptions.GitlabCreateError as e:
-                self._module.fail_json(msg="Failed to assign user to group: %s" % to_native(e))
+                self._module.fail_json(msg=f"Failed to assign user to group: {e}")
             return True
         return False
 
@@ -468,7 +467,7 @@ class GitLabUser(object):
                 self.add_identities(user, identities)
 
         except (gitlab.exceptions.GitlabCreateError) as e:
-            self._module.fail_json(msg="Failed to create user: %s " % to_native(e))
+            self._module.fail_json(msg=f"Failed to create user: {e}")
 
         return user
 
@@ -639,21 +638,21 @@ def main():
     if state == 'absent':
         if user_exists:
             gitlab_user.delete_user()
-            module.exit_json(changed=True, msg="Successfully deleted user %s" % user_username)
+            module.exit_json(changed=True, msg=f"Successfully deleted user {user_username}")
         else:
             module.exit_json(changed=False, msg="User deleted or does not exists")
 
     if state == 'blocked':
         if user_exists and user_is_active:
             gitlab_user.block_user()
-            module.exit_json(changed=True, msg="Successfully blocked user %s" % user_username)
+            module.exit_json(changed=True, msg=f"Successfully blocked user {user_username}")
         else:
             module.exit_json(changed=False, msg="User already blocked or does not exists")
 
     if state == 'unblocked':
         if user_exists and not user_is_active:
             gitlab_user.unblock_user()
-            module.exit_json(changed=True, msg="Successfully unblocked user %s" % user_username)
+            module.exit_json(changed=True, msg=f"Successfully unblocked user {user_username}")
         else:
             module.exit_json(changed=False, msg="User is not blocked or does not exists")
 
@@ -674,9 +673,9 @@ def main():
             "identities": user_identities,
             "overwrite_identities": overwrite_identities,
         }):
-            module.exit_json(changed=True, msg="Successfully created or updated the user %s" % user_username, user=gitlab_user.user_object._attrs)
+            module.exit_json(changed=True, msg=f"Successfully created or updated the user {user_username}", user=gitlab_user.user_object._attrs)
         else:
-            module.exit_json(changed=False, msg="No need to update the user %s" % user_username, user=gitlab_user.user_object._attrs)
+            module.exit_json(changed=False, msg=f"No need to update the user {user_username}", user=gitlab_user.user_object._attrs)
 
 
 if __name__ == '__main__':
diff --git a/plugins/modules/grove.py b/plugins/modules/grove.py
index fc71322688..4a2eb18fd5 100644
--- a/plugins/modules/grove.py
+++ b/plugins/modules/grove.py
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ def do_notify_grove(module, channel_token, service, message, url=None, icon_url=
     data = urlencode(my_data)
     response, info = fetch_url(module, my_url, data=data)
     if info['status'] != 200:
-        module.fail_json(msg="failed to send notification: %s" % info['msg'])
+        module.fail_json(msg=f"failed to send notification: {info['msg']}")
 
 # ==============================================================
 # main
diff --git a/plugins/modules/gunicorn.py b/plugins/modules/gunicorn.py
index b7033d3471..9726163ccf 100644
--- a/plugins/modules/gunicorn.py
+++ b/plugins/modules/gunicorn.py
@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ def main():
 
     # use venv path if exists
     if venv:
-        gunicorn_command = "/".join((venv, 'bin', 'gunicorn'))
+        gunicorn_command = f"{venv}/bin/gunicorn"
     else:
         gunicorn_command = module.get_bin_path('gunicorn')
 
@@ -207,7 +207,7 @@ def main():
         else:
             # if user defined own error log, check that
             if error_log:
-                error = 'Please check your {0}'.format(error_log.strip())
+                error = f'Please check your {error_log.strip()}'
             else:
                 if os.path.isfile(tmp_error_log):
                     with open(tmp_error_log, 'r') as f:
@@ -217,10 +217,10 @@ def main():
                 else:
                     error = "Log not found"
 
-            module.fail_json(msg='Failed to start gunicorn. {0}'.format(error), error=err)
+            module.fail_json(msg=f'Failed to start gunicorn. {error}', error=err)
 
     else:
-        module.fail_json(msg='Failed to start gunicorn {0}'.format(err), error=err)
+        module.fail_json(msg=f'Failed to start gunicorn {err}', error=err)
 
 
 if __name__ == '__main__':